Search results

The IPC-WP-019B white paper was created to support the IPC-J-STD-001H standard and provides additional guidance, examples, and understanding of Section 8.0 Cleaning and Residue Requirements. The IPC-WP-019B has information on how to meet the requirements of IPC-J-STD-001H chapter 8. Recommentded for those looking to implement the requirements of IPC-J-STD-001H standard, chapter 8. 0..

The IPC-WP-114A white paper provides guidance to reduce and control exposure to environmental conditions and contamination that promote the development of White Plague. A template for developing a White Plague Control Plan (WPCP) is included.

The IPC-WP-113A white paper provides guidance to reduce and control exposure to environmental conditions and contamination that promote the development of Red Plague. A template for developing a Red Plague Control Plan (RPCP) is included.

Pb-free materials are considered a major technology disruption to traditional Pb-based interconnect materials for electronics, which is of particular concern for the aerospace & defense industries where safety cannot be compromised and applicable reliability data remains scarce. Until validated data and modelling methods are developed, projects considering Pb-free Aerospace & Defense products and...

The IPC-WP-116A white paper provides guidance to control and mitigate risks associated with the introduction of Foreign Object Debris (FOD) in electrical and electronic assemblies. Guidance to control and mitigate risks associated with the introduction of Foreign Object Debris (FOD) in electrical and electronic assemblies is provided. A template for developing a Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Control...

This document summarizes the IPC position on the subject of “halogen-free” materials for the electronics industry. Its initial release was developed over a period of three years and this revision is also the culmination of another three years of work by a team representing every level of the electronics supply chain. This document is applicable to materials for interconnecting electronics...

This technical paper covers the testing and evaluation of polymeric conformal coatings for moisture and insulation resistance (MIR) and dielectric withstanding voltage (DWV). This effort was initiated by the IPC Conformal Coating Task Group to support technical decisions for IPC coating specification CC-830 as part of the Revision C process. MIR testing was done per a modified method of IPC-TM-650...

A discussion was held in the 5-33AWG (ad hoc working group), on things that conformal coat professionals (materials and processes) wish designers knew about conformal coating. The 5-33AWG group is comprised of individuals from OEMs, coating suppliers, and test lab personnel.

Lead-free electronics continues to be a concern of the aerospace, defense, and high performance products (ADHP) industries. This is primarily due to the lack of data and knowledge to: thoroughly categorize performance under harsh service conditions and provide a level of confidence in reliability assessments of Pb-free electronics equal to those for traditional tin-lead electronics. To help close...

IPC-WP-028 white paper provides guidance on obtaining objective evidence for validating the acceptability of bubbles in conformal coatings. It focuses on a failure mode where bubbles in coatings could activate a microclimate involving condensation of humidity inside the bubbles resulting in an increase of the local humidity load to a critical level, thus generating electrochemical migration...

Addresses the complete process of reengineering new product development processes to incorporate DFX methodologies. Presents the case for a comprehensive analysis of the key business issues and definition of requirements before initiating work to refine or restructure processes. Editor, Dieter Bergman, IPC. 88 pages. Released by the Surface Mount Council, April 1997.

The IPC-WP-021 white paper considers conformal coatings, like many high-performance materials, have evolved considerably since the 1990s. New coatings, such as fluoropolymers or hybrid coatings, have come on the market, many of which offer superior protection characteristics, but do not fit into the existing classifications of either MIL-I-46058 or IPC-CC-830. The IPC-WP-021 white paper discusses...

As most of the world converts to lead-free manufacturing, the concern over tin whiskers as a reliability hazard has grown due to the emergence of pure tin as a dominate component surface finish. A significant amount of research on tin whisker formation and tin whisker mitigating strategies has been performed in both commercial and defense industries. This working paper is a summary of the...

Due to a concern in the electronic packaging industry about solderability problems, Foster Gray, PC Interconnects, developed this document for the Surface Mount Council. Areas covered are: design for the soldering process; solderable PWBs; solderable components and soldering process. Five different industry perspectives provide analysis of these issues. 35 pages. Released August 1991.

IPC-WP-024 is a white paper which discusses the issues associated with reliability of smart textiles (e-textiles structures) following multiple washing cycles and emphasizes efforts that industry and research laboratories must undertake to make e-textile structures more robust and able to be washed similarly to everyday textile products (e.g., underwear, clothing, home textiles and technical...

Status of the technology discussion on the various methodologies for mounting and interconnecting active devices to a variety of substrate materials is summarized in this document. Reviews mounting techniques of tape automated bonding (TAB), chip on board (COB) and flip chip. Examinations of the most commonly used substrate options of laminate, ceramic and silicon are also reviewed. Editor: John...

The IPC-WP-026 white paper explores blockchain as an emerging technology that has a core strength in providing an immutable, auditable, transparent and secure environment for data exchanges. These advantages make it a prime candidate for implementation in the electronics industry. The IPC-WP-026 white paper explores blockchain and its limitations and challenges. It also provides a few directions...

This white paper is a benchmarking exercise of e-textile integrations, providing an introductory categorization of how the current market sector is using textile-based electrical components to achieve integrated functionality. This peer assessment provides a baseline understanding of e-textile process techniques, requirements and resources within this emerging sector.

Manufacturers of high reliability electronics have been working for many years to mitigate the deleterious effects of tin whisker formation. One highly effective means to suppress the growth of tin whiskers is to replace the pure tin plating with reflowed tin-lead solder. One approach is to fully consume the tin plating by tin-lead solder during the SMT reflow process. This phenomenon of tin...

The PERM Lead-Free Manhattan Project (LFMP) was established to identify the technology and knowledge gaps relevant to the implementation of commercially available Pb-free product in Aerospace & Defense Systems. These knowledge gaps threaten to affect the safety, performance and reliability of Aerospace & Defense systems, which cannot be compromised. Investment is required to close these knowledge...

The problem of counterfeit components continues to escalate. It is no longer limited to high value items like semiconductors. It can include connectors, resistors, passive components or anything that is in demand. What more could you be doing to ensure that the components you purchase are genuine? What can you do about component traceability? Jack Stradley, Manager, Business Development &...

This specification sets requirements based on performance criteria for the use of Immersion Silver (IAg) as a surface finish for printed circuit boards. It is intended for use by chemical suppliers, printed board manufacturers, electronics manufacturing services (EMS) companies and original equipment manufacturers (OEM). IAg is a thin immersion deposit over copper. It is a multifunctional surface...

"Is Your RFP D.O. A." was presented at the IPC Conference for the PCB Industry: Critical Issues for the Military Market in December 2011 by Steve DeWaters, president, Penumbra Strategies, Inc. The author describes the procedures of the military in preparing an RFP and evaluating the proposals. He also describes the procedures to create an effective response to the RFP and some of the pitfalls of...

"Embedded Capacitor Technology; Status, Opportunity and Challenges" was presented by John Andresakis, vice president of strategic technology, Oak-Mitsui at the IPC Conference for the PCB Industry: Critical Issues for the Military Market, Washington D.C., in December 2011.The author explains how the use of this technology improves the performance, reliability and assembly cost of printed boards and...

If not completely characterized, many of the early lead-free alloys’ reliability properties are better understood than those of the new alloys being introduced today. Therefore, it can be quite difficult to compare alloy properties. The lack of reliability characterization of new materials introduces uncertainty for the user. To address this problem, the IPC Solder Products Value Council (IPC SPVC...

This paper "Long Term Investigation of Urethane Conformal Coating Against Tin Whisker Growth" was presented by Lyudmyla Panashchenko of NASA GSFC at the IPC Tin Whisker Conference, in December 2010. It describes the results of 11 years of aging of a conformal coat and its ability to inhibit tin whisker growth. It shows that whiskers continue to grow with time and how they may be constrained by the...

"Final Finish for Connectivity" was presented by George Milad of Uyemura International Corporation at the IPC Conference for the PCB Industry: Critical Issues for the Military Market, in December 2011. The author describes surface finishes applied to printed circuit boards to enhance their reliability, solderability, shelf life and the applicability to wire bonding. He also mentions the IPC...

This presentation "Trends in Military Certifications: What You Need to Know About the Obvious and the Obscure," was presented at the IPC Conference for the North American EMS Industry, What it Takes to Supply the Military, Management Session, in September 2010 by Steve DeWaters, president of Penumbra Strategies, Inc. It describes the rise of Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) items and why Military...

There are a large number of new lead-free alloys that address the manufacturing problems inherent in current lead-free products on the market. However, their reliability properties are less understood than many of the first alloys introduced, for example SAC 305. While it is tempting to look to the new alloys as solutions to manufacturing issues of the older materials, the lack of reliability...

The IPC Solder Products Value Council’s Technical Subcommittee Report “Take Action Limits (TAL) for SAC305 Lead Free Soldering Processes Utilizing Solder Baths/Pots” reports on research on take action limits of solder pot contamination for SAC305 lead-free solder. As opposed to one maximum contamination level, the IPC SPVC opted to identify three action levels: Normal operation defined as the...

IPC-WP-023 is an IPC Technology Solutions White Paper addressing reliability issues associated with stacked microvias. There is evidence that staggering vias can result in a more robust structure; however, staggering microvias is only a temporary solution to accommodate complex designs with microvias built with weak interface structures IPC-WP-023 white paper provides an investigation of these...

IPC-WP-019A a revised white paper provides an overview of ionic cleanliness requirements, providing examples of tests and requirements for acceptability from a residue/cleanliness standpoint. The history of ROSE testing is also provided, with explanations of the shortcomings of that testing.

This original research was a cooperative effort between the EMPF and IPC, released as EMPF-RR-0013 in 1993 for better understanding of ionic cleanliness testing. The IPC Ionic Conductivity/Ion Chromatography Test Task Group has validated its continued importance and relevance to the cleaning community and IPC-TR-583 is the result. It includes how solvent temperature influences the final...

This technical report provides full detail of the round robin study charged with assessing the use of Interconnect Stress Test (IST) as a test for incoming inspection in lieu of Thermal Stress in the detection of innerlayer separations in plated-through holes. Includes background on the Post Separation Task Group, test results, round robin test plan, conclusions and test methods used. 51 pages...

Approximately 200,000 plated through-holes, covering primarily electroplated but also electroless technology, were exposed to several different thermal cycles. A number of PTH diameters, board constructions and plating thicknesses were evaluated. 80 pages. Released September 1988.

This document details the test procedures, test results and team conclusions for the IPC Cleaning and Cleanliness Testing Program, Phase 3, Low Solids Flux in Ambient Air. This effort has been part of a multi-stage program to investigate material and process alternatives to the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in electronics manufacturing. This Phase 3 effort has been dedicated to characterizing...

An IPC Blue Ribbon Committee originally published this study. It provides extensive background and test results resolving methods to identify visible conditions such as measles in PWBs and that measles do not impact reliability. 81 Pages. Released November 1973.

This addendum to J-STD-001, originally developed for Revision B but also applicable to Revision C, proposes solutions for cost-effective testing and increased implementation. Also covers other assembly test methods that are not addressed in J-STD-001. 12 pages. Released October 1996. Now available in electronic format.

This Technical Report details the investigations into identifying stress tests that distinguish between robust and non-robust surface finishes. A robust finish will pass a test for solderability whereas a non-robust finish will fail. The stress tests identified do not necessarily duplicate real world environment (fabrication of the bare printed board through assembly), but they must correlate to...

Details the results of a two-year study to determine the effect of steam aging exposure on components. A variety of solderable finishes were used. A small production simulation utilized preconditioned and as-received samples and tested a total of 2,000 joints. 15 pages. Released July 1996.

IPC-TR-587 technical report delivers results of a major study on conformal coating. In most manufacturing specifications, conformal coating thickness is defined as the thickness of the final polymer film on a flat, unencumbered surface of the assembly, however conformal coating thickness on other assembly and component surfaces is not characterized. IPC-TR-587 is a report outlining an IPC study of...

This document, co-developed by the IPC, EIA and ASTM, represents a comprehensive report on fine pitch technology with an emphasis on tape-automated bonding and design rules. Subjects include land pattern design, types of encapsulation, TAB tape format, assembly techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of FPT. 54 pages. Released by the Surface Mount Council January 1989.

A Technical Paper by Dr. Jack Brous discussing ionic cleanliness measurement, testing methods and cleanliness standards in relation to product reliability. Also includes a brief discussion of no-clean fluxes. 8 pages. Released 1994

The 2017 North American Cable Assembly Manufacturers report includes company name, address, phone number, business manager, website, estimated 2015 worldwide revenues, facility size, manufacturing locations by region of the world, markets served, product types manufactured, agency approvals/certifications, minority business designations, and a brief description of the business. Nonmember pricing...

2019 World Cable Assembly Market, a new research report from industry leader Bishop & Associates, addresses the growth markets and regions and much more. This 17-chapter, 219-page report provides a detailed analysis of the cable assembly market by region, end-use equipment sector, and cable assembly type in US dollars for the years 2018 through 2024. Analysis is provided numerically and...

This addendum to IPC-TR-464 was released in April 1987 and represents the results of the task group study to evaluate and determine if the aging period recommended in the original Technical Report could be shortened and still provide the appropriate information on solderability retention.

IPC-TR-587 technical report delivers results of a major study on conformal coating. In most manufacturing specifications, conformal coating thickness is defined as the thickness of the final polymer film on a flat, unencumbered surface of the assembly, however conformal coating thickness on other assembly and component surfaces is not characterized. IPC-TR-587 is a report outlining an IPC study of...

本白皮书 IPC WP-019B 旨在支持 J-STD-001 修订版 H，并提供额外的指导、示例和对第 8.0 节清洁和残留物要求的理解。 推荐给那些希望实现 J-STD-001 8.0 要求的人。

La révision du livre blanc IPC-WP-019A présente les exigences en matière de propreté ionique, avec des exemples de tests et d’exigences pour l’acceptabilité du point de vue des résidus/de la propreté. Un historique des tests ROSE est également fourni, accompagné d’explications relatives aux défauts que présentent ces tests.

IPC-WP-019A ist ein revidiertes Whitepaper mit einem Überblick über die Anforderungen an ionische Reinheit, das Beispiele für Tests und Abnahmekriterien unter dem Blickwinkel von Flussmittelrückständen/Reinheit enthält. Die Geschichte des ROSE-Testverfahrens wird ebenfalls geschildert, und die Nachteile dieses Verfahrens werden erläutert.

IPC-WP-019A, un libro blanco revisado que proporciona una visión de conjunto sobre los requisitos de limpieza iónica, junto con ejemplos de pruebas y de requisitos para la aceptabilidad en cuanto a limpieza o presencia de residuos. Presenta también un resumen de la historia de la prueba de ROSE junto con explicaciones sobre las limitaciones de esta prueba.

Pb-free materials are considered a major technology disruption to traditional Pb-based interconnect materials for electronics, which is of particular concern for the aerospace, defense, and high performance products (ADHP) industries where safety cannot be compromised and applicable reliability data remains scarce. Until validated data and modelling methods are developed, projects considering Pb...

Ion chromatography has been recognized as a method for which the data output is ion specific and very precise in the quantification of ionic residues. This paper is intended for those contemplating the setup of an ion chromatography lab and provides many of the practical considerations that should be addressed, including the core components of an ion chromatograph system such as carrier solutions...

This document provides an overview of ionic cleanliness requirements, providing examples of tests and requirements for acceptability from a residue/cleanliness standpoint. The history of ROSE testing is also provided, with explanations of the shortcomings of that testing.

Guidance to control and mitigate risks associated with the introduction of Foreign Object Debris (FOD) in electrical and electronic assemblies is provided. A template for developing a Foreign Object Debis (FOD) Control Plan is included.

Guidance to reduce and control exposure to environmental conditions and contamination that promote the development of White Plague is provided in this document. A template for developing a White Plague Control Plan (WPCP) is included.

Guidance to reduce and control exposure to environmental conditions and contamination that promote the development of Red Plague is provided in this document. A template for developing a Red Plague Control Plan (RPCP) is included.

このホワイトペーパーは、コンフォーマルコーティングにおける気泡の許容性を検証するための、客観的証拠を得るためのガイダンスを提供するものである。 本書では、コーティング内の気泡により微気候が活性化すると気泡内部の水分が凝縮し、その結果、局所的な湿度負荷が臨界レベルまで上昇し、電気化学的マイグレーション不良が生じるという故障モードに焦点を当てている。 このホワイトペーパーはJ-STD-001Jにおいて参照されている。

This technical report was developed to meet the growing need for a standard method of evaluating the solderability retention capability of printed boards during inventory storage. 21 Pages. Released April 1984. IPC-TR-464 Addendum The addendum to IPC-TR-464 represents the results of the task group study to evaluate and determine if the aging period recommended in the original Technical Report...

IPC-WP-024是一份白皮书，讨论了多次洗涤循环后智能织物（电子织物结构）可靠性相关的问题，并强调了工业和研究实验室必须做出的努力。以使电子织物结构更加坚固，能够像市场上的日常织物（例如，内衣、服装、家用织物和技术织物）一样被清洁或洗涤。 研究人员在商用洗衣机和家用洗衣机洗涤剂多次洗涤循环后，为电子织物提供实验室测试的初始可靠性结论。

This technical report provides the documentation of a round robin testing effort that generated data used by the 4-14 Plating Processes Subcommittee in developing the maximum immersion silver plating thickness requirement in the revision A of IPC-4553. This compendium of data resulted from three information sets: a) Test vehicle assembly report by Celestica, b) Thermal cycle test report by...

IPC-WP-019A修订白皮书概述了新的离子清洁度要求，从残留物/清洁度角度提供了可接受性测试和要求的实例。 还提供了ROSE测试的历史，并解释了该测试的缺点。

IPC-WP-019Aでは、イオン清浄度要件の概要を説明し、残留物/清浄度の観点からテストの例と許容性要件を示す。 ROSE試験の歴史も、その試験の欠点の説明とともに提供する