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Pb-free materials are considered a major technology disruption to traditional Pb-based interconnect materials for electronics, which is of particular concern for the aerospace & defense industries where safety cannot be compromised and applicable reliability data remains scarce. Until validated data and modelling methods are developed, projects considering Pb-free Aerospace & Defense products and...

Lead-free electronics continues to be a concern of the aerospace, defense, and high performance products (ADHP) industries. This is primarily due to the lack of data and knowledge to: thoroughly categorize performance under harsh service conditions and provide a level of confidence in reliability assessments of Pb-free electronics equal to those for traditional tin-lead electronics. To help close...

As most of the world converts to lead-free manufacturing, the concern over tin whiskers as a reliability hazard has grown due to the emergence of pure tin as a dominate component surface finish. A significant amount of research on tin whisker formation and tin whisker mitigating strategies has been performed in both commercial and defense industries. This working paper is a summary of the...

Status of the technology discussion on the various methodologies for mounting and interconnecting active devices to a variety of substrate materials is summarized in this document. Reviews mounting techniques of tape automated bonding (TAB), chip on board (COB) and flip chip. Examinations of the most commonly used substrate options of laminate, ceramic and silicon are also reviewed. Editor: John...

Manufacturers of high reliability electronics have been working for many years to mitigate the deleterious effects of tin whisker formation. One highly effective means to suppress the growth of tin whiskers is to replace the pure tin plating with reflowed tin-lead solder. One approach is to fully consume the tin plating by tin-lead solder during the SMT reflow process. This phenomenon of tin...

The PERM Lead-Free Manhattan Project (LFMP) was established to identify the technology and knowledge gaps relevant to the implementation of commercially available Pb-free product in Aerospace & Defense Systems. These knowledge gaps threaten to affect the safety, performance and reliability of Aerospace & Defense systems, which cannot be compromised. Investment is required to close these knowledge...

"Is Your RFP D.O. A." was presented at the IPC Conference for the PCB Industry: Critical Issues for the Military Market in December 2011 by Steve DeWaters, president, Penumbra Strategies, Inc. The author describes the procedures of the military in preparing an RFP and evaluating the proposals. He also describes the procedures to create an effective response to the RFP and some of the pitfalls of...

"Embedded Capacitor Technology; Status, Opportunity and Challenges" was presented by John Andresakis, vice president of strategic technology, Oak-Mitsui at the IPC Conference for the PCB Industry: Critical Issues for the Military Market, Washington D.C., in December 2011.The author explains how the use of this technology improves the performance, reliability and assembly cost of printed boards and...

There are a large number of new lead-free alloys that address the manufacturing problems inherent in current lead-free products on the market. However, their reliability properties are less understood than many of the first alloys introduced, for example SAC 305. While it is tempting to look to the new alloys as solutions to manufacturing issues of the older materials, the lack of reliability...

The IPC Solder Products Value Council’s Technical Subcommittee Report “Take Action Limits (TAL) for SAC305 Lead Free Soldering Processes Utilizing Solder Baths/Pots” reports on research on take action limits of solder pot contamination for SAC305 lead-free solder. As opposed to one maximum contamination level, the IPC SPVC opted to identify three action levels: Normal operation defined as the...

IPC-WP-023 is an IPC Technology Solutions White Paper addressing reliability issues associated with stacked microvias. There is evidence that staggering vias can result in a more robust structure; however, staggering microvias is only a temporary solution to accommodate complex designs with microvias built with weak interface structures IPC-WP-023 white paper provides an investigation of these...

Pb-free materials are considered a major technology disruption to traditional Pb-based interconnect materials for electronics, which is of particular concern for the aerospace, defense, and high performance products (ADHP) industries where safety cannot be compromised and applicable reliability data remains scarce. Until validated data and modelling methods are developed, projects considering Pb...

Ion chromatography has been recognized as a method for which the data output is ion specific and very precise in the quantification of ionic residues. This paper is intended for those contemplating the setup of an ion chromatography lab and provides many of the practical considerations that should be addressed, including the core components of an ion chromatograph system such as carrier solutions...