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Printed board cleanliness has historically been an unknown factor in the quality assessment of unpopulated (bare) printed boards; this has often been attributed to a lack of understanding of materials and processes. This document addresses the various printed board fabrication processes and how each may impact, directly or indirectly, the final cleanliness of packaged bare printed boards and...

Every electronics manufacturer, whether an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) or electronics manufacturing services (EMS) company, must determine if the unpopulated printed boards entering the assembly process have an adequate level of cleanliness. The question of “how clean is clean enough?” is one that has no definitive answer, as there is no "golden number" for board cleanliness. The issue...

Tackling PCB cleanliness is a tough job; residues on printed circuit boards are directly related to the reliability of the produced hardware and can result in serious failures if not known or monitored. But how do you measure "cleanliness"? How clean is "clean"? The IPC-5701 provides guidance into how these issues should be approached and specified in purchasing documents, addressing levels of...

IPC-T-51 standard provides terms and definitions for the design and manufacture of printed electronics. IPC-T-51 standard enables common language and understanding for the worldwide printed electronics community.

This guideline covers the requirements for resin coated copper foil intended for use in the formation of high density interconnect surface microvias for printed boards and printed board assemblies. 19 pages. Released November 2007.

The IPC-4555 standard covers the requirements and testing for organic solderability preservatives (OSP) processes for printed boards to be used primarily for electrical and electronic circuits. Details for lead free soldering are covered in IPC-4555

The IPC-2551 standard is part of the IPC Factory of the Future standards establishing the IPC Digital Twin, which is comprised of the Digital Twin Product, Digital Twin Manufacturing and Digital Twin Lifecycle frameworks. Within the Digital Twin Architecture, the IPC-2551 standard stipulates and defines Digital Twin properties, types, complexities and readiness levels. The IPC Digital Twin...

The IPC-9257 standard assists in selecting the test equipment, test parameters, test data and fixturing required to perform electrical test(s) on flexible printed electronics. Electrical testing of flexible printed electronics ensures conformance to electrical design requirements specified in IPC-6902. The IPC-9257 standard defines different levels of testing available to achieve this purpose.

IPC-A-610F Amendment 1 is now available. See Related items. IPC-A-610 is the most widely used electronics assembly standard in the world. A must for all quality assurance and assembly departments, IPC-A-610F illustrates industry-accepted workmanship criteria for electronics assemblies through detailed statements reflecting acceptable and defect conditions, supported by full-color photographs and...

The IPC-6902 standard establishes and defines the qualification and performance requirements for printed electronics and the forms of component mounting and interconnecting structures on flexible substrates.

IPC-A-610 is the most widely used electronics assembly standard in the world. A must for all quality assurance and assembly departments, IPC-A-610E illustrates industry-accepted workmanship criteria for electronics assemblies through full-color photographs and illustrations. Topics include flex attachment, board in board, part on part, lead free, component orientation and soldering criteria for...

This standard is intended as a guideline in the proper preparation of a metallographic sample (microsection) of a printed board. The finished microsection is used for evaluating the quality of the laminate system and plated structures (e.g. PTHs and vias). Microsection sample preparation is regarded by many as a highly developed skill. The guidelines in this standard discuss the many variables and...

The European Union’s Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) legislation has had a profound impact on the electronics industry. One of the restricted substances, lead (Pb), is commonly used in alloys with tin for component finishes, printed board finishes and solders. Pb-free materials directly affect product performance, reliability and service life in many ways. There have been numerous...

This standard, developed jointly by IPC and the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) establishes the construction detail requirements for balls and other terminal structures on Ball Grid Array (BGA) packages. It also establishes a set of designations and expectations for product performance. A large variety of terminal structures are recognized for a wide range of applications ranging from...

Why waste time looking for answers? This handy, easy-to-use troubleshooting guide lists all types of processing problems and solutions for surface mount assembly. Covers bridging, skips, misalignment, placement and more. 38 pages. Released July 1993.

IPC-4121 provides industry-approved guidelines for selecting core constructions for multilayer printed wiring boards (PWBs). The specification sheets in the document categorize the different core constructions by laminate type and nominal thickness. The constructions are rated for characteristics such as dielectric constant (DK), dimensional stability (DS), flatness, smoothness and drillability...

Establishes the specific requirements for organic mounting structures used to interconnect chip components, which in combination form the completed functional organic single-chip module (SCM-L) or organic multichip module (MCM-L) assembly. Includes the quality and reliability assurance requirements that must be met for their acquisition. For use with IPC-6011. 25 pages. Released February 1998.

IPC-1753 Laboratory Declaration Standard will allow for the electronic exchange of laboratory chemical analysis reports between supply chain members. Companies are being asked to provide laboratory analytic data to show compliance with the RoHS Directive and other customer requirements, such as halogen-free. This standard will allow for the expedited exchange of the necessary laboratory...

IPC JEDEC J-STD-020 is used to determine what moisture-sensitivity-level (MSL) classification level should be used so that surface mount devices (SMDs) can be properly packaged, stored and handled to avoid subsequent thermal and mechanical damage during the assembly solder reflow attachment and/or repair operation. J-STD-020 covers components to be processed at higher temperatures for lead-free...

The IPC-9505 standard provides details of test methodologies for cleaning chemistry compatibility with electronic assembly materials that replace those in MIL-STD-202 Method 215 for testing electronic and electrical components such as capacitors, resistors, transformers and inductors. The test methods can also be used, when applicable, to parts not covererd by military specifications or drawings

Used in conjunction with IPC-2221A, IPC-2225 establishes the requirements and other considerations (thermal, electrical, electromechanical and mechanical) for the design of Single Chip Module (SCM-L), MCM or MCM-L assemblies. Key concepts include adhesive interconnection information, typical die attach materials, microvia material properties and relationships with DFM and DFE.

J-STD-075 picks up where J-STD-020 left off by providing test methods to classify worst-case thermal process limitations for electronic components. Classification is referenced to common industry wave and reflow solder profiles including lead-free processing. The classifications represent maximum process sensitivity levels and do not establish rework conditions or recommended processes for an...

Defines a machine readable input format for Computer Numerical Control (CNC) drilling and routing machine tools used by the printed wiring board industry. The format may be used to transfer drilling and routing information between printed board designers, manufacturers and users or as the output CNC standard from converters that expand higher level design input such as IPC-D-350 data. Provides a...

Covers classification and requirements for finished fabrics woven from quartz fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for electrical and electronic use. 13 pages. Released February 1992.

This standard addresses semiconductor flip chip design requirements. Provides information for using standard semiconductor substrates, materials, assembly and test methods with established fabrication, bumping, test and handling practices. Electrical, thermal and mechanical chip design parameters and methodologies are covered in the standard, as well as the reliability aspects associated with...